Taw qhia txog Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tshuaj Kho Mob Tus Nqi ntawm Cov Kab Mob Dub

Dub fungus(Lub npe scientific: Auricularia auricula (L.ex Hook.) Underw), tseem hu ua ntoo pob ntseg, ntoo npauj, Dingyang, ntoo nceb, pob ntseg teeb, ntoo pob ntseg zoo thiab huab pob ntseg, yog cov kab mob saprophytic uas loj hlob ntawm cov ntoo lwj. . Dub fungus yog nplooj-puab los yog ze li ntawm hav zoov-puab, nrog wavy npoo, nyias, 2 mus rau 6 cm dav, txog 2 mm tuab, thiab tsau rau lub substrate nrog ib tug luv luv lateral stalk los yog ib tug nqaim puag. Thaum ntxov, nws yog mos thiab colloid, nplaum thiab elastic, thiab tom qab ntawd me ntsis cartilaginous. Tom qab ziab, nws shrinks muaj zog thiab ua dub, tawv thiab brittle horny mus ze li tawv. Sab ntug ntawm sab nraub qaum yog arc-puab, liab doog-xim av rau tsaus xiav-grey, thiab sparsely them nrog luv luv plaub hau.

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Cov cheeb tsam huab cua ntawm Northeast Asia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau sab qaum teb Tuam Tshoj, yog qhov chaw nyob rau cov tsiaj qusdub fungus. Hauv thaj tsam huab cua sov ntawm North America thiab Australia, cov kab mob dub kuj tsis tshua muaj thiab tsuas yog pom nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Australia. Elderberry thiab ntoo qhib yog ib qho chaw nyob rau dub fungus nyob rau hauv temperate Europe, tab sis tus naj npawb yog kuj tsawg.

Tuam Tshoj yog lub hometown ntawmdub fungus. Suav teb tau lees paub thiab tsim cov kab mob dub thaum ntxov raws li Shennong era ntau tshaj 4,000 xyoo dhau los, thiab pib cog thiab noj nws. Lub "Phau Ntawv ntawm Rites" kuj sau txog kev noj cov fungus dub ntawm imperial banquets. Raws li kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein, vitamins thiab hlau nyob rau hauv qhuav dub fungus yog siab heev. Nws cov protein muaj ntau yam amino acids, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lysine thiab leucine. Cov fungus dub tsis yog tsuas yog khoom noj xwb, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua tshuaj suav tshuaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thawj cov nroj tsuag uas tsim cov tshuaj suav tshuaj fungus. Nws muaj ntau yam tshuaj xws li ntxiv qi thiab ntshav, moistening lub ntsws thiab txo qhov hnoos, thiab nres los ntshav.

Dub fungusyog ib txwm cultivated ntawm cav. Tom qab txoj kev vam meej ntawm kev hloov cog qoob loo nyob rau xyoo 1980s, kev cog qoob loo hloov pauv tau dhau los ua txoj kev cog qoob loo loj rau cov fungus dub.

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Dub funguscultivation txheej txheem cultivation dub fungus muaj ib tug heev meej txheej txheem, ntawm cov uas lub ntsiab sawv daws yuav yog cov nram qab no yam:

Kev xaiv thiab kev tsim kho pob ntseg

Rau kev xaiv ntawm pob ntseg teb, cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb yog qhov cua zoo thiab lub hnub ci, yooj yim ntws thiab dej, thiab kom deb ntawm cov pa phem. Thaum tsim pob ntseg teb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv cov hlau hlau rau lub txaj thav duab, uas tuaj yeem txuag cov ntaub ntawv raw, txhim kho qhov cua thiab lub teeb kis tau tus mob, thiab tuaj yeem rov ua dua. Kev txau dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv nyiaj siv ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej txau zoo dua qub thiab txuag dej. Cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj tua dej yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej lub teb yuav tsim.

Cov khoom sib xyaw

Cov khoom sib xyaw rau cov kab mob dub yog kom sib npaug ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb, calcium carbonate thiab bran, thiab tom qab ntawd kho cov ntsiab lus dej kom txog li 50%.

Hnab ntim khoom

Cov khoom siv lub hnab yog cov khoom siv polyethylene uas tsis tshua muaj siab, nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm 14.7m × 53cm × 0.05cm. Lub hnab ntim khoom yuav tsum ntom txaus yam tsis muaj qhov muag, thiab tib lub sijhawm, xyuas kom meej tias txhua lub hnab ntawm kab lis kev cai nruab nrab yog li 1.5kg.

Inoculation

Ua ntej cov kauj ruam no, daim ntaub thaiv kab lis kev cai yuav tsum tau txo qis. Tom qab ntawd, xyuam xim rau kev tua kab mob hauv lub thawv inoculation. Lub sijhawm tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau tswj ntau tshaj li ib nrab teev. Inoculation koob thiab lub tes tsho yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab raug tshav ntuj, thiab tom qab ntawd tshuaj tua kab mob thiab txhuam nrog cawv. Cov kab mob tuaj yeem tsau hauv li 300 zaug ntawm carbendazim li 5 feeb. Tom qab ntawd, nws tuaj yeem qhuav hauv lub hnub. Cov neeg ua haujlwm inoculation yuav tsum ntxuav tes nrog cawv, thiab tom qab ntawd qhuav rau hauv lub thawv inoculation.

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Cultivating fungi

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlobdub fungus, qhov txuas no tseem ceeb heev. Kev tswj cov kab mob fungus yog tus yuam sij rau kev loj hlob ntawm fungus dub. Nws yog feem ntau hais txog kev tswj qhov kub hauv tsev cog khoom kom tsim nyog, uas yog ncaj qha ntsig txog kev ciaj sia ntawm mycelium. Yog li ntawd, kev tswj xyuas nruj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv tiag tiag. Hais txog qhov chaw ntawm mycelium, cov nceb sticks yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib pawg "ncaj" tom qab inoculation. Rau inoculation ntawm peb-qhov thiab plaub-lub qhov ib leeg nceb sticks, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub caws pliav yog muab tso rau upward. Lub caws pliav ntawm ob txoj kev inoculation yuav tsum tau ntsib ob sab. Cov pawg yog li 7 txheej siab. Nyob rau sab saum toj txheej, xyuam xim rau kev kho shading ntawm inoculation chaw nres nkoj sab kom tsis txhob daj dej.

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Kev noj haus muaj pes tsawg leeg

Dub fungustsis yog tsuas yog du thiab qab, tab sis kuj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv kev noj haus. Nws nyiam lub koob npe nrov ntawm "nqaij ntawm cov neeg tsis noj nqaij" thiab "tus huab tais ntawm cov neeg tsis noj nqaij". Nws yog ib tug paub zoo tonic. Raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab kev soj ntsuam, txhua 100g ntawm cov fungus tshiab muaj 10.6g ntawm cov protein, 0.2g rog, 65.5g carbohydrates, 7g cellulose, thiab ntau cov vitamins thiab minerals xws li thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, carotene, calcium, phosphorus. , thiab hlau. Ntawm lawv, hlau yog ntau tshaj. Txhua 100g ntawm cov fungus tshiab muaj 185mg ntawm hlau, uas yog ntau tshaj 20 npaug siab dua celery, uas muaj cov ntsiab lus hlau siab tshaj plaws ntawm nplooj zaub, thiab ze li ntawm 7 npaug siab dua nqaij npuas siab, uas muaj cov ntsiab lus hlau siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom noj tsiaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog lub npe hu ua "hlau champion" ntawm cov khoom noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov protein ntawm cov fungus dub muaj ntau yam amino acids, nrog rau lysine, leucine thiab lwm yam amino acids tseem ceeb rau tib neeg lub cev, muaj txiaj ntsig lom neeg. Dub fungus yog ib hom kab mob hu ua colloid, muaj ntau ntau ntawm colloid, uas muaj cov nyhuv lubricating zoo rau tib neeg lub plab zom mov, tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov zaub mov seem thiab indigestible fibrous tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub plab thiab cov hnyuv, thiab muaj cov nyhuv dissolving rau txawv teb chaws teeb meem xws li. ntoo residues thiab xuab zeb plua plav uas tau noj tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog thawj qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov zaub mov noj qab haus huv rau cov paj rwb spinners thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv mining, plua plav, thiab kev tiv thaiv txoj kev. Cov phospholipids nyob rau hauv cov fungus dub yog cov as-ham rau tib neeg lub hlwb hlwb thiab paj hlwb, thiab yog cov tswv yim thiab pheej yig lub hlwb tonic rau cov hluas thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm puas hlwb.

 

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Post lub sij hawm: Dec-19-2024