1.InRoduction
Cov khoom noj khoom haus khoom noj yog dav hauv kev lag luam khoom noj kom txhim kho cov khoom lag luam, los ntawm cov khoom noj thiab dej haus rau cov khoom noj thiab khoom noj txom ncauj. Cov tshuaj ntxiv no ua cov zaub mov kom pom kev pom ntau dua thiab pab tswj cov tsos mob hla cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov kev txhawj xeeb thoob plaws tau hais txog cov peev xwm kev noj qab haus huv, nrog rau kev ua xua, thiab kev mob siab ntev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, European Union (EU) tau siv cov kev tswj hwm nruj ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov xim khoom siv hauv cov khoom noj.
2. Kev txhais thiab kev faib tawm cov khoom noj khoom haus khoom noj khoom haus
Cov khoom noj khoom haus khoom noj khoom haus khoom noj, tseem muaj cov xim hluavtaws, yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas tau ntxiv rau cov khoom noj los hloov lossis txhim kho nws cov xim. Cov qauv piv txwv suav nrog cov liab 40 (E129), Daj 5 (E110), thiab xiav 1 (E133). Cov yeeb yaj kiab sib txawv los ntawm cov xim ntuj, xws li cov muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, nyob rau hauv uas lawv yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom ntau dua li ib txwm muaj tshwm sim.
Cov yeeb yaj duab cuav yog faib rau hauv cov pab pawg sib txawv raws li lawv cov qauv tshuaj thiab siv. Cov European Union siv tus e-naj npawb system los faib cov khoom ntxiv no. Feem ntau cov xim khoom noj yog feem ntau muab tus lej e-lej los ntawm E100 rau E199, txhua tus sawv cev pom zoo rau kev siv hauv cov zaub mov.
3. Kev pom zoo cov txheej txheem rau cov yeeb yaj kiab tsim hauv EU
Ua ntej cov khoom siv cuav tuaj yeem siv hauv cov khoom noj hauv EU, nws yuav tsum tau ntsuam xyuas kev nyab xeeb kom huv si los ntawm European cov khoom noj nyab xeeb (EFSA). EFSA ntsuam xyuas cov pov thawj scientific muaj txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov xim muaj kuab, suav nrog cov kev lom zem, ua xua, tsis haum rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo muaj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxaws ntxaws, xav txog cov kev tso cai txhua hnub, thiab cov xim muaj peev xwm tsim nyog rau cov zaub mov tshwj xeeb. Tsuas yog ib zaug xim xim tau pom tias muaj kev nyab xeeb raws li EFSA qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, nws yuav tau txais kev pom zoo rau kev siv hauv cov khoom noj. Txoj kev no ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsuas yog cov xim muaj pov thawj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb tau kev nyab xeeb hauv kev ua lag luam.
4. Daim ntawv lo yuav tsum tau thiab cov neeg siv khoom tiv thaiv
EU cov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tiv thaiv, tshwj xeeb thaum nws los txog cov khoom noj ntxiv. Ib qho ntawm cov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj rau cov duab khoom siv dag yog qhov tseeb thiab pob tshab:
Yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv lo: Cov khoom lag luam uas muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj nyob rau ntawm cov xim tshwj xeeb siv rau ntawm cov cim khoom, feem ntau pom los ntawm lawv tus lej e-tus lej.
Cov ntawv ceeb toom: Rau qee cov xim, tshwj xeeb tshaj cov xim, tshwj xeeb cov txuas rau cov teebmeem yuav muaj peev xwm rau cov menyuam yaus, EU yuav tsum muaj lus ceeb toom tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, cov khoom lag luam muaj qee cov xim xws li E110 (Sunset Daj) lossis E129 (allura liab) yuav tsum muaj cov lus qhia "yuav muaj cov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm kev ua si thiab kev saib xyuas menyuam."
● Cov neeg tau txais kev xaiv: Cov paib no kom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg tau txais kev txiav txim siab, tshwj xeeb rau cov kev txhawj xeeb txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
5. Cov nyom
Txawm hais tias muaj lub zog tswj hwm lub moj khaum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, cov kev cai ntawm cov zaub mov khoom noj muaj ntau xim ntsib ntau cov nyom. Ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb yog kev sib cav sib ceg kom dhau ntawm cov xim hluav taws xob ntev ntev ntawm cov tub rog hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog cov menyuam yaus tus cwj pwm thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb qhia txog qee cov xim muaj peev xwm ua rau hyperactivity los yog ua xua, ua rau hu rau kev txwv ntxiv lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov kev sib ntxiv tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, sawv hauv cov neeg tau txais kev pab thov kom muaj cov khoom noj khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus yog ua rau cov neeg lag luam khoom noj khoom haus kom nrhiav cov councants rau khoom siv cuav. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no tau ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv rau cov xim ntuj, tab sis cov kev xaiv no feem ntau tuaj nrog lawv tus kheej cov kev sib tw, xws li cov txee siab dua, thiab hloov pauv tau hauv cov xim siv.
6. Xaus
Cov kev cai ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus khoom noj yog qhov tseem ceeb los ua kom ntseeg tau cov neeg tau txais kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb. Thaum cov neeg muaj yeeb yaj kiab tsim ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom noj, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv khoom muaj kev txaus ntshai. Raws li kev tshawb fawb tau ntxiv mus ntxiv, nws tseem ceeb heev uas cov kev cai hloov kho kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, pob tshab, thiab ua raws li cov neeg tau txais kev noj qab haus huv ua ntej.
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Lub Sijhawm Post: Dec-05-2024